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<p class="netscape4">GNU is the only operating system developed
specifically to give its users freedom.  What is GNU, and what freedom
is at stake?</p>

<div id="home">
<div class="first-column">

<h2>What is GNU?</h2>

<p>GNU is an operating system that
is <a href="/philosophy/free-sw.html">free software</a>&mdash;that is,
it respects users' freedom.  The development of GNU made it possible
to use a computer without software that would trample your freedom.</p>

<p>We recommend <a href="/distros/free-distros.html">installable
versions of GNU</a> (more precisely, GNU/Linux distributions) which
are entirely free software.  <a href="#More-GNU">More about GNU
below</a>.</p>

<p class="c"><a href="/distros/screenshot.html"><img
   src="/graphics/t-desktop-4-fixed.jpg" alt="Screenshot of GNU"
   /></a></p>

<h2>What is the Free Software Movement?</h2>

<p>The free software movement campaigns to win for the users of
computing the freedom that comes from free software.  Free software
puts its users in control of their own computing.  Non-free software
puts its users under the power of the software's developer. See 
<a href="https://www.fsf.org/blogs/rms/20140407-geneva-tedx-talk-free-software-free-society">
the video explanation</a>.</p>

<h2>What is Free Software?</h2>

<p><strong>Free software means the users have the freedom to run,
copy, distribute, study, change and improve the software.</strong></p>

<p>Free software is a matter of liberty, not price.  To understand the
concept, you should think of &ldquo;free&rdquo; as in &ldquo;free
speech&rdquo;, not as in &ldquo;free beer&rdquo;.</p>

<p>More precisely, free software means users of a program have
the <a href="/philosophy/free-sw.html">four essential
freedoms</a>:</p>

<ul>
<li>The freedom to run the program as you wish,
     for any purpose (freedom 0).</li>
<li>The freedom to study how the program works, and adapt it to your needs
    (freedom 1).   Access to the source code is a precondition for this.</li>
<li>The freedom to redistribute copies so you can help your neighbor
    (freedom 2).</li>
<li>The freedom to improve the program, and release your improvements
   to the public, so that the whole community benefits
    (freedom 3).   Access to the source code is a precondition for this.</li>
</ul>

<p>Developments in technology and network use have made these freedoms
<a href="/philosophy/free-software-even-more-important.html">even more
important now</a> than they were in 1983.</p>

<p>Nowadays the free software movement goes far beyond developing the
GNU system.  See <a href="https://fsf.org">the Free Software
Foundation's web site</a> for more about what we do, and a list
of <a href="/help">ways you can help</a>.</p>

<h2>More about GNU</h2>

<p><a id="More-GNU">GNU</a> is a Unix-like operating system.  That
means it is a collection of many programs: applications, libraries,
developer tools, even games.  The development of GNU, started in
January 1984, is known as the GNU Project.  Many of the programs in
GNU are released under the auspices of the GNU Project; those we
call <a href="/software/">GNU packages</a>.</p>

<p>The name &ldquo;GNU&rdquo; is a recursive acronym for &ldquo;GNU's
Not
Unix.&rdquo; <a href="/pronunciation/pronunciation.html">&ldquo;GNU&rdquo;
is pronounced <em>g'noo</em></a>, as one syllable, like saying
&ldquo;grew&rdquo; but replacing the <em>r</em> with <em>n</em>.</p>

<p>The program in a Unix-like system that allocates machine resources
and talks to the hardware is called the &ldquo;kernel&rdquo;.  GNU is
typically used with a kernel called Linux.  This combination is
the <a href="/gnu/linux-and-gnu.html"><strong>GNU/Linux operating
system</strong></a>.  GNU/Linux is used by millions, though
many <a href="/gnu/gnu-linux-faq.html">call it &ldquo;Linux&rdquo; by
mistake</a>.</p>

<p>GNU's own kernel, <a href="/software/hurd/hurd.html">The Hurd</a>,
was started in 1990 (before Linux was started).  Volunteers continue
developing the Hurd because it is an interesting technical
project.</p>

<p><a href="/gnu/gnu.html">More information</a>.</p>

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<p class="button c large"><a
      href="/distros/free-distros.html">Try GNU/Linux!</a></p>

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<h4 id="Flashes"><a href="http://planet.gnu.org/">Planet GNU</a> 
<a href="http://planet.gnu.org/rss20.xml"><img src="/feed-icon-10x10.png" alt="RSS Feed" /></a></h4>

<!-- Autogenerated by planetrss.pl 1.11 -->
<p><a href='http://planet.gnu.org/~ams/#g_t2015_002d05_002d31'>
<span class="gnun-split"></span>GNU inetutils 1.9.3<span class="gnun-split"></span></a><span class="gnun-split"></span>:
The GNU inetutils team is proud to present version 1.9.3 of the
GNU networking utilities. The GNU Networking Utilities are the
common networking utilities, clients and ser...
<span class="gnun-split"></span><a href='http://planet.gnu.org/~ams/#g_t2015_002d05_002d31'><span class="gnun-split"></span>more<span class="gnun-split"></span></a></p>
<p><a href='http://www.fsf.org/blogs/community/asking-obama-to-protect-encryption-and-why-thats-not-enough'>
<span class="gnun-split"></span>Asking Obama to protect encryption, and why that's not enough<span class="gnun-split"></span></a><span class="gnun-split"></span>:
In addition to civil society organizations like the FSF, the
letter*
was signed by some of the most important cryptologists in th...
<span class="gnun-split"></span><a href='http://www.fsf.org/blogs/community/asking-obama-to-protect-encryption-and-why-thats-not-enough'><span class="gnun-split"></span>more<span class="gnun-split"></span></a></p>
<p><a href='http://www.fsf.org/events/rms-20150709-frankfurt'>
<span class="gnun-split"></span>Richard Stallman to speak in Frankfurt, Germany<span class="gnun-split"></span></a><span class="gnun-split"></span>:
Richard Stallman's speech will be nontechnical, admission is
gratis, and the public is encouraged to attend. Speech topic to be determined. Ple...
<span class="gnun-split"></span><a href='http://www.fsf.org/events/rms-20150709-frankfurt'><span class="gnun-split"></span>more<span class="gnun-split"></span></a></p>


<p>For more news, see <a href="http://planet.gnu.org/">Planet GNU</a>
and the list of <a href="/software/recent-releases.html">recent GNU
releases</a>.</p>

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<h4 id="ncurses">
  <a href="/software/ncurses/">Ncurses</a></h4><p>
GNU Ncurses is a library which provides capabilities to write text to a
terminal in a terminal-independent manner.  It supports pads and color
as well as multiple highlights and forms characters.  It is typically
used to implement user interfaces for command-line applications.
The accompanying ncursesw library provides wide character support.
<small>(<a href="/manual/manual.html#ncurses">doc</a>)</small></p>


















































































































































































<!-- End file generated by womb/gnumaint/gm Fri Apr 17 09:18:16 PDT 2015 -->


<p><small><a href="/manual/blurbs.html">Short descriptions for all GNU
packages.</a></small></p>

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global copyright reform</a> with <a
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<p><strong>Can you contribute to any of
these <a href="http://www.fsf.org/campaigns/priority-projects/">High
Priority Projects</a>?</strong> Gnash, coreboot, free distributions of
GNU/Linux, GNU Octave, drivers for network routers, reversible
debugging in GDB, automatic transcription, PowerVR drivers, and also
free software replacements for Skype, OpenDWG libraries, and Oracle
Forms.</p>

<p id="unmaint"><strong>Can you take over an <a
href="/server/takeaction.html#unmaint">unmaintained GNU
package</a>?</strong>
<span class="gnun-split"></span>
  <a href="/software/gleem/">gleem</a>,
  <a href="/software/gnukart/">gnukart</a>,
  <a href="/software/halifax/">halifax</a>,
  <a href="/software/jwhois/">jwhois</a>,
  <a href="/software/metahtml/">metahtml</a>,
  <a href="/software/orgadoc/">orgadoc</a>,
  <a href="/software/polyxmass/">polyxmass</a>,
  <a href="/software/superopt/">superopt</a>,
  <a href="/software/sysutils/">sysutils</a>,
  <a href="/software/teximpatient/">teximpatient</a><span class="gnun-split"></span>,
are all <a href="/server/takeaction.html#unmaint">looking for
maintainers</a>.  Also, these packages are looking for co-maintainers:
<span class="gnun-split"></span>
  <a href="/software/aspell/">aspell</a>,
  <a href="/software/gnuae/">gnuae</a>,
  <a href="/software/metaexchange/">metaexchange</a>,
  <a href="/software/powerguru/">powerguru</a><span class="gnun-split"></span>.
See the package web pages for more information.</p>

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mission is to preserve, protect and promote the freedom to use, study,
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rights of Free Software users.&rdquo;</strong></p>
</blockquote>

<p>The <a href="http://www.fsf.org">Free Software Foundation</a> is
the principal organizational sponsor of the GNU Operating System.
<strong>Support GNU and the FSF</strong> by <a
href="http://shop.fsf.org/">buying manuals and gear</a>, <a
href="https://my.fsf.org/associate/support_freedom?referrer=4052">
<strong>joining the FSF</strong></a> as an associate member, or making
a <strong>donation</strong>, either <a
href="http://donate.fsf.org/">directly to the FSF</a> or <a
href="http://flattr.com/thing/313733/gnuproject-on-Flattr">via
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<p id="sisters">The <a href="http://www.fsf.org/">FSF</a> also has sister
organizations in <a href="http://www.fsfe.org">Europe</a>, <a
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<div class="unprintable">
<p><a href="http://www.fsf.org/about/dmca-notice">Copyright Infringement Notification</a></p>


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<p class="unprintable">Updated:
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$Date: 2015/04/25 00:30:05 $
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